diff --git a/copenhagen/scripts/download_osm.py b/copenhagen/scripts/download_osm.py
index f37d0c4..e797817 100644
--- a/copenhagen/scripts/download_osm.py
+++ b/copenhagen/scripts/download_osm.py
@@ -198,6 +198,40 @@ def parse_stations(data):
     return rows
 
 
+def orphan_bus_stops_query(bbox):
+    s, n, w, e = bbox
+    return f"""[out:json][timeout:180];
+(
+  node["highway"="bus_stop"]["public_transport"="platform"]({s},{w},{n},{e});
+);
+out body;
+"""
+
+
+def parse_orphan_bus_stops(data, known_node_ids):
+    """Parse standalone bus platform nodes not already captured by routes."""
+    stops = []
+    for e in data["elements"]:
+        if e["type"] != "node" or e["id"] in known_node_ids:
+            continue
+        tags = e.get("tags", {})
+        if tags.get("public_transport") != "platform":
+            continue
+        name = tags.get("name")
+        if not name:
+            continue
+        stops.append({
+            "mode": "bus",
+            "name": name,
+            "ref": tags.get("ref"),
+            "public_transport": tags.get("public_transport"),
+            "railway": tags.get("railway"),
+            "route_refs": "",  # orphan — no route membership
+            "geometry": Point(e["lon"], e["lat"]),
+        })
+    return stops
+
+
 def main():
     modes = yaml.safe_load((CONFIG / "modes.yaml").read_text())["modes"]
     area = gpd.read_file(PROCESSED / "area.gpkg")
@@ -205,12 +239,18 @@ def main():
     bbox = (s, n, w, e)
 
     OSM_RAW.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    bus_stop_node_ids = set()
     for mode, cfg in modes.items():
         ql = build_query(cfg, bbox)
         (OSM_RAW / f"{mode}.overpassql").write_text(ql)
         print(f"[{mode}] querying Overpass bbox=({s:.4f},{w:.4f},{n:.4f},{e:.4f})...", flush=True)
         data = overpass(ql)
         lines, stops = parse(data, mode)
+        # track bus stop node ids to avoid dupes with orphans
+        if mode == "bus":
+            for e in data["elements"]:
+                if e["type"] == "node" and e.get("tags", {}).get("public_transport") == "platform":
+                    bus_stop_node_ids.add(e["id"])
         print(f"  -> {len(lines)} lines, {len(stops)} stops", flush=True)
         if not lines:
             continue
@@ -220,6 +260,30 @@ def main():
             sgdf = gpd.GeoDataFrame(stops, crs="EPSG:4326")
             sgdf.to_file(OSM_RAW / f"{mode}.gpkg", driver="GPKG", layer="stops")
 
+    # orphan bus stops (platform nodes not in any route relation)
+    oql = orphan_bus_stops_query(bbox)
+    (OSM_RAW / "orphan_bus_stops.overpassql").write_text(oql)
+    print("[orphan_bus_stops] querying Overpass...", flush=True)
+    odata = overpass(oql)
+    orphans = parse_orphan_bus_stops(odata, bus_stop_node_ids)
+    print(f"  -> {len(orphans)} orphan bus stops (not in route relations)", flush=True)
+    if orphans:
+        # append to bus.gpkg stops layer
+        existing = gpd.read_file(OSM_RAW / "bus.gpkg", layer="stops")
+        combined = gpd.GeoDataFrame(
+            __import__("pandas").concat([existing, gpd.GeoDataFrame(orphans, crs="EPSG:4326")],
+                                        ignore_index=True),
+            crs="EPSG:4326"
+        )
+        # rewrite stops layer
+        import tempfile, shutil
+        tmp = OSM_RAW / "bus_tmp.gpkg"
+        lines_gdf = gpd.read_file(OSM_RAW / "bus.gpkg", layer="lines")
+        lines_gdf.to_file(tmp, driver="GPKG", layer="lines")
+        combined.to_file(tmp, driver="GPKG", layer="stops")
+        shutil.move(str(tmp), str(OSM_RAW / "bus.gpkg"))
+        print(f"  -> bus stops layer now: {len(combined)} total", flush=True)
+
     # stations (named station nodes/areas) for labelling
     sql = stations_query(bbox)
     (OSM_RAW / "stations.overpassql").write_text(sql)
diff --git a/copenhagen/scripts/render.py b/copenhagen/scripts/render.py
index eaee64b..9ef3404 100644
--- a/copenhagen/scripts/render.py
+++ b/copenhagen/scripts/render.py
@@ -311,12 +311,16 @@ def group_by_route_membership(rows, cluster_m):
     centroids = []
     for indices in components.values():
         comp_coords = [coords[i] for i in indices]
+        comp_routes = [route_sets[i] for i in indices]
+        has_routes = any(rs for rs in comp_routes)
         if len(comp_coords) == 1:
             centroids.append(comp_coords[0])
-        else:
+        elif has_routes:
             # stops sharing a route are the same stop; merge to centroid
-            import numpy as np
             centroids.append(tuple(np.mean(comp_coords, axis=0)))
+        else:
+            # no route info (orphans); fall back to distance clustering
+            centroids.extend(cluster_stops(comp_coords, cluster_m))
     return centroids